Defining a European Strategy for War Termination in Ukraine (hcss.nl)

• Europe must replace strategic ambiguity with a unified theory of victory.
• Victory depends on demonstrating that further Russian aggression is cost-prohibitive.
• Calls for a 'Coalition of the Willing' to provide irreversible security guarantees.

"The HCSS report argues that Europe requires a coherent, independent theory of victory to resolve the conflict in Ukraine without triggering nuclear escalation. The core objective is to force a shift in the Kremlin’s strategic calculus by proving that continued attrition is unsustainable. The authors outline five specific conditions—ranging from Ukrainian state stability to the failure of Russian control over cities—that must be met through long-term, irreversible European commitments to ensure Russia abandons its revisionist goals and aggression."