Frontiers of Influence: Strategic Frameworks Against FIMI (hcss.nl)

• Categorization of European resilience models against disinformation.
• Analysis of FIMI's transition from digital propaganda to physical disruption.
• Strategic recommendation for proactive, layered multi-stakeholder defense frameworks.

"The HCSS report 'Frontiers of Influence' analyzes Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference (FIMI), moving beyond traditional digital threats to examine how state actors bridge into the physical domain. By categorizing European states into three resilience models—high-capacity/whole-of-society, escalation-driven, and civil-society-driven—the report highlights the diverse vulnerabilities inherent in the European landscape. It argues against reactive 'whack-a-mole' tactics, advocating instead for a layered defense system integrating permanent situational awareness, deep-rooted societal trust, and robust regulatory frameworks for digital platforms to neutralize foreign influence campaigns effectively."