No Procedure Can Manufacture a European Demos (socialeurope.eu)

• EU reform proposals increasingly neglect the demos question.
• Federalist, fiscal, and deliberative models each have blind spots.
• Procedural fixes cannot substitute for genuine political community.

"This analysis argues that despite various proposals for institutional reform, European integration fundamentally requires a shared political identity (demos) that cannot be artificially created through procedural changes. It critiques federalist, fiscal, and deliberative approaches for avoiding this core issue."