From Integration to Fragmentation: The Shift in European Identity (eurozine.com)

• Shift from federalism to nation-state fragmentation
• Failure of institutional mechanisms in geopolitical crises
• Increasing dependence on non-European technology stacks

"The analysis examines the gradual transition from an idealistic 'Arch-Europe' vision to a reactive 'Anti-Europe' stance. This process is marked by the erosion of institutional authority and the failure to establish genuine strategic autonomy. As external powers strengthen their grip on European infrastructure and data, Brussels is losing the ability to project coherent digital and financial sovereignty."