Germany Mandates Removal of Chinese 5G Hardware by 2029 (heise.de)

• Total removal of Chinese hardware from core networks by 2029.
• Binding agreements signed with all major German carriers.
• Prioritization of critical infrastructure resilience over immediate costs.

"The German federal government has finalized agreements with major mobile operators (Telekom, Vodafone, Telefónica) to phase out critical components from Chinese vendors Huawei and ZTE. By 2029, these vendors must be entirely removed from core and management systems to bolster national security and reduce systemic technological dependencies."