No Fuel, No Fight: HCSS Report Warns of European Aviation Fuel Deficit in Wartime (hcss.nl)

• EU aviation fuel deficit of up to 24% in conflict scenario
• Netherlands: 35% jet fuel and 13% road fuel shortage as NATO host
• Jet fuel import dependence could reach 72% by 2040

"A new HCSS report warns that Europe's fuel system, designed for peacetime efficiency, would fail in a large-scale conflict. The EU could face an aviation fuel deficit of up to 24%, while the Netherlands as a NATO host nation would see 35% of its jet fuel demand unmet. Import dependence for jet fuel could reach 72% by 2040, tying defense readiness to vulnerable maritime routes. The report recommends appointing a national fuel security representative, preserving refining capacity, and enhancing EU-NATO coordination."