Eight strategic measures to counter Putin's external ambitions (theguardian.com)

• Eight strategic elements to counter Putin proposed
• Emphasis on European deterrence without US reliance
• Warning of Russian attack on NATO territory in 2027-28

"Historian Timothy Garton Ash outlines eight measures to defeat Vladimir Putin's external ambitions, including maintaining support for Ukraine, increasing economic pressure via sanctions and targeting the shadow fleet, building European deterrence against a potential Russian attack on NATO territory (especially in 2027-28), adopting a hybrid offensive strategy, engaging Russian elites and society, countering European nationalist parties, and exercising strategic patience. He emphasizes the need for Europe to develop independent defense capabilities given US unreliability."