Leaked documents reveal improvised Russian drone defenses at oil refineries (defence24.com)

• Deployment of passive defenses like nets and cables
• Internal acknowledgment that improvisations lack full efficacy
• Failure of conventional air defense coverage for critical energy assets

"Leaked internal documents from Rosneft detail the company's shift toward improvised defensive measures to protect critical refining infrastructure from Ukrainian drone strikes. Faced with critical gaps in conventional air defense coverage, the firm is deploying physical obstacles including steel netting, scaffolding, and container-based blast walls."