NATO Cyber Defence: Policies and Actions (nato.int)

• Threats from Russia, China and other actors in cyberspace
• NATO policies 2021 and 2023: comprehensive cyber defense, Article 5 relevance
• Capability building: cyber center, exercises, partnerships with EU and industry

"The article outlines cyber threats to NATO, including from Russia and China, and the Alliance's measures to strengthen cyber resilience. NATO adopted a Comprehensive Cyber Defence Policy integrating political, military, and technical levels. New entities like the Integrated Cyber Defence Centre and exercises like Cyber Coalition enhance defense. Cooperation with partners such as the EU and private sector is key. Historical developments since 2002 are also covered."