Strategic recalibration for Iran: Incentives versus sanctions (foreignaffairs.com)

• Assessment of failed maximum-pressure strategies
• Economic incentives as leverage for containment
• Impact of regional stability on European energy routes

"The analysis argues that current Western reliance on punitive sanctions against Iran has reached a point of diminishing returns. To mitigate geopolitical instability and protect European security interests, the author advocates for a balanced framework incorporating positive diplomatic and economic incentives. This dual approach aims to provide Tehran with alternatives to its current strategic path, potentially lowering tensions in the Middle East and reducing the risk of kinetic conflict that impacts European trade and energy supply routes."