India and Italy rebuild defense ties after AgustaWestland scandal rupture (warontherocks.com)

• AgustaWestland bribery scandal (2014) froze Indian-Italian defense cooperation for nearly a decade, halting torpedo supplies, helicopter upgrades, and naval gun contracts.
• India lifted the ban on Leonardo in 2021 after the Italian firm withdrew financial claims; diplomatic relations upgraded in 2023.
• In May 2026, India and Italy signed a Defence Industrial Roadmap, elevating ties to a 'Special Strategic Partnership' focused on co-production and technology transfer.
• Key current projects include Adani-Leonardo helicopter manufacturing, Fincantieri naval gun and trainer aircraft discussions, and Black Shark torpedo supplies.
• Russia-Ukraine war and China's Belt and Road withdrawal drove both sides to rebuild ties; Italy seeks alternative Asian partner, India diversifies from Russian arms.

"The AgustaWestland bribery scandal (2014) severed Indian-Italian defense cooperation for nearly a decade, freezing torpedo supplies, helicopter upgrades, and naval gun contracts. Italian technology is deeply embedded in the Indian Navy. After India lifted the ban on Leonardo in 2021 and diplomatic upgrades in 2023, Modi and Meloni signed a Defence Industrial Roadmap in May 2026, elevating ties to a 'Special Strategic Partnership' focused on co-production and technology transfer. The Russia-Ukraine war and China's Belt and Road withdrawal drove both sides to rebuild."