Desalination Technology, by the Numbers (technologyreview.com)

• Reverse osmosis energy efficiency metrics
• Operational cost analysis per cubic meter
• Environmental impact of brine management

"A technical assessment of seawater desalination scalability to address regional water scarcity. The report breaks down energy consumption metrics per cubic meter, the cost-efficiency of advanced reverse osmosis membranes, and the environmental constraints of brine disposal. As Southern Europe faces recurring drought cycles, desalination is increasingly viewed as essential critical infrastructure for industrial and population resilience."